Caring for and even just interacting with someone living with dementia can be both rewarding and challenging. It often requires us to change the way we communicate, adapt our environments, and find new ways to connect. While there’s no one-size-fits-all approach, small, thoughtful changes can make a world of difference in helping your loved one feel safe, valued, and understood.

Here are five simple strategies sourced from Dementia Australia that families and carers can use every day:

1. Speak in short, clear sentences

Dementia can affect a person’s ability to process language, making long or complex instructions overwhelming. Keep communication simple - use short sentences and give one piece of information at a time. Instead of saying, “Go to your room, put on your coat, so we can get in the car and go to the shops,” try breaking it down into steps: “Let’s get your coat now.” This makes conversations simpler to follow and less stressful.

2. Create a calm, familiar environment

Unfamiliar spaces or too much stimulation can increase confusion and anxiety. Where possible, keep the home environment constant - furniture in the same place, soft lighting, and minimal background noise. Familiar objects, such as a favourite chair or blanket, can provide comfort and a sense of security. If change is necessary, introduce it progressively so it doesn’t feel overwhelming.

3. Focus on activities they’ve always loved

Dementia doesn’t erase someone’s identity. Your loved one may still find joy in the hobbies, routines, and activities they enjoyed in the past - whether that’s gardening, listening to music, baking, or walking in nature. Adapting these activities to suit their current abilities keeps them engaged and helps maintain their sense of purpose. It’s not about doing things perfectly; it’s about enjoying the moment together.

4. Use photos, music, and objects to spark memories

Memories linked to the senses often remain strong, even as short-term memory fades. Old photographs, favourite songs, or treasured items can open the door to meaningful conversations and moments of connection. For example, playing music from their youth may bring back stories you’ve never heard before. These tools not only stimulate memory but also help reduce feelings of isolation.

5. Be patient — repetition isn’t defiance, it’s part of the journey

Hearing the same question repeatedly can be frustrating, but it’s important to remember that repetition is a symptom of dementia, not a deliberate act. Patience, reassurance, and gentle responses can help ease anxiety. Redirecting the conversation with kindness or engaging in a calming activity can also shift the focus without causing distress.

Dementia isn’t easy - for the person experiencing it, or for the families and carers supporting them. But with small, consistent changes in how we communicate and connect, we can make each day a little smoother and more meaningful.

For families seeking more practical advice and guidance, here are some excellent resources: Dementia Australia – Help Sheets